Biophilic designs for human and animal brains could improve human neurodegeneration
Posted September 21, 2018 12:08:03 A team of researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago has shown that biomimetic designs can help improve human neurological disease.
The team’s work is the first to identify a functional, functional protein that is crucial for the brain to function properly.
The protein is called PDGF.
It is important for the formation of neurons, which are the building blocks of the brain.
The findings, which appear in the journal Nature Nanotechnology, show that the proteins involved in PDGF function as a “bioelectric effectors” and that they can regulate the activity of specific neuronal cells in the brain, thereby affecting the rate at which they are damaged.
“This discovery is a major advance in our understanding of how neurons and brain cells are connected and how they respond to the environment,” said Professor John DeLong, the lead author of the study.
“By identifying PDGF as an effector in the regulation of neuronal activity, we may be able to develop new tools to repair brain damage and disease.”
The work was funded by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, the American Brain Foundation, and the American Society for Neuroscience.
Professor DeLong was also a co-author on the Nature Nanotech paper.
“Our work is exciting because it opens up a new avenue for the discovery of novel therapeutics for neurodegenesis, Parkinson’s disease, and other neurological disorders,” said senior author and postdoctoral researcher Jennifer Wasser, an assistant professor of molecular and cell biology.
“The potential for this discovery is great and exciting.”
The team created a new protein called PDNF-G to examine how PDGF can interact with different cell types in the human brain.
By studying how PDNF interacts with different types of cells in different brain regions, the researchers were able to identify two different PDGF effectsors in the mouse brain: PDGF1 and PDGF2.
In this study, they showed that PDGF-G interacts with the neurons of the hippocampus, which is crucial in the development and maintenance of new connections between neurons.
“We also identified that the PDGF effectors in these brain regions can also be detected in the axons of these neurons,” said Wasser.
“Together, we showed that these PDGF proteins interact with both the cells that are developing the new connections and also with the cells in those axons that are also affected by disease.
This indicates that PDNF1 and/or PDGF are involved in both the neurodegens and the disease.”
They also identified the first PDGF protein that can be used to repair neural damage in mouse models of Parkinson’s.
“It’s an exciting discovery that could lead to a better understanding of PDGF and its role in neurodegeners,” said co-lead author Professor DeMers.
“When the PDG effectors are activated, the cells die.
But the new PDGF, which binds to the PDNF proteins, then becomes the active PDGF in the neurons and is able to repair the damage.
This makes it possible to design new drugs to target the PDGs in the brains of mice, which would be very important in the treatment of these diseases.”
The research was conducted by co-authors from the Medical College of Wisconsin and the University at Buffalo.
“Understanding PDGF’s effects in the developing brain will be critical in the future development of therapeutic therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders,” DeLong said.
“Because PDGF acts in a broad variety of brain regions and is a critical effector, it’s critical to understand the roles of PDGs that are important in various brain regions.”
For more information about PDGF: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24185932 The research paper can be accessed at: http:www.nature.com/nm/journal/v35/n8/full/nmaw/nmat/full_article.pdf.
Image credit: University of Chicago Press.